g)+Gas+exchange+(Humans)

Section 2- Structures and functions in living organisms a) Levels of organisation - b) Cell structure - c) Biological molecules - d) Movement of substances - e) Human Nutrition - e) Plant Nutrition - f) Respiration - g) Gas exchange (Humans) - g) Gas exchange (Plants) - h) Transport (Humans) - h) Transport (Plants) - i) Excretion - j) Coordination and response (Humans) - j) Coordination and response (Plants)

2g) Gas exchange (Humans)
2.44 describe the structure of the thorax, including the ribs, intercostal muscles, diaphragm, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and pleural membranes 2.45 understand the role of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm in ventilation 2.46 explain how alveoli are adapted for gas exchange by diffusion between air in the lungs and blood in capillaries 2.47 understand the biological consequences of smoking in relation to the lungs and the circulatory system, including coronary heart disease 2.48 describe experiments to investigate the effect of exercise on breathing in humans.
 * Learning outcomes (s//tudents will be assessed on their ability to)//**

This animation from footprints shows gas exchange happening, but can you explain what is driving the movement of gases? Think back to what you have already studied.
 * Starter**

Play the draw, label, annotate game with the respiratory system media type="custom" key="27838553"

Download the BioK notes outline below to help you build notes for this topic. Complete the activities and labs as directed. Complete the summary questions as directed. media type="custom" key="24752474"
 * Approach**

Nutrients and a Balanced Diet (2.44) p26 - 27 Ventilation and breathing (2.45) p27 - 28 Aveoli (2.46) p29 - 30 Biological consequences of smoking (2.47) p30 - 34
 * Greenbook (Edexcel IGCSE Biology) References **

Watch this helpful GCSE science video on breathing media type="custom" key="24935090"
 * Tutorials**

The BBC Bitesize tutorial on respiratory system also goes through breathing and additionally includes notes on the functions of the different structures.

Revision notes on breathing and gas exchange from s-cool

These video tutorials from [|Click4Biology] address each learning outcome. Watch each video before attempting your workbook. Download links are are provided for those that have problems accessing Youtube. 2.44 Structure of the breathing (respiratory) system [|click to download] media type="custom" key="23691476" 2.45 Ventilation (parts 1 and 2) [|click to download a] [|click to download b] media type="custom" key="23691480" media type="custom" key="23691482" 2.46 Aveoli [|click to download] media type="custom" key="23691484" 2.47 The effects of smoking [|click to download] media type="custom" key="23691486"

This animation on the anatomy of breathing from UT Health Science Center shows how ventilation aids gas exchange

__Labs__ Investigations on the effect of exercise on the breathing system
 * Activities suggestions**

__Leaflet/poster activity__ Produce a leaflet to explain why smokers should give up and how they should go about it

__Group review and class reflection__ In groups of 4 you need to complete the below tasks on a single large sheet of paper. You have just 30 mins. On it draw and annotate (__avoid using the colour green__): > > > > > //N.B. You will run out of time unless you divide the responsibility for the different tasks. Content is more important than presentation.//
 * 1) Outline diagram of the breathing (respiratory) system, label all the organs/parts you can.
 * 1) Additional diagram to show an example aveoli annotate it to show how it is adapted for gas exchange including which way oxygen and carbon dioxide are moving. Include the words diffusion, high concentration and low concentration.
 * 1) Additional diagrams (you'll probably need to draw 2) to show ventilation (focus on the role of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm).
 * 1) Highlight the parts of the lungs affected by smoking and using words/diagram explain what the effects are.

You will now critique the work of three different groups (5 mins each). Using the green pens correct what you see as mistakes (this can include the green annotations/diagrams of other groups) and add in missing information.

Now read, review, discuss your returned poster in preparation for answering the questions above. Now with books closed answer the questions, peer mark and lastly review your work to see how well you have done.

__Additional Summary Qs__ Questions you will be asked later on