d)+Movement+of+substances

Section 2- Structures and functions in living organisms a) Levels of organisation - b) Cell structure - c) Biological molecules - d) Movement of substances - e) Human Nutrition - e) Plant Nutrition - f) Respiration - g) Gas exchange (Humans) - g) Gas exchange (Plants) - h) Transport (Humans) - h) Transport (Plants) - i) Excretion - j) Coordination and response (Humans) - j) Coordination and response (Plants)

2d) Movement of substances
2.12 understand definitions of diffusion, osmosis and active transport 2.13 understand that movement of substances into and out of cells can be by diffusion, osmosis and active transport 2.14 understand the importance in plants of turgid cells as a means of support 2.15 understand the factors that affect the rate of movement of substances into and out of cells, to include the effects of surface area to volume ratio, temperature and concentration gradient 2.16 describe experiments to investigate diffusion and osmosis using living and non-living systems.
 * Learning outcomes (s//tudents will be assessed on their ability to)//**

Watch the Alien Egg experiment from SciShow media type="custom" key="23681246"
 * Starter**

Use the BioK notes outline below to help you build notes for this topic. media type="custom" key="27835695"
 * Approach**

Complete workbook sections at home as specified in class.

Complete the activites as specified in class.

Pages 9 - 10
 * Greenbook (Edexcel IGCSE Biology) References **

These video tutorials from [|Click4Biology] address each learning outcome you should watch each video before attempting to complete the workbook sections. The videos are hosted on Youtube and so may not work for all.
 * Video Tutorials **

‪2.12 Definitions of diffusion, osmosis and active transport download media type="custom" key="23681248"

2.13 Diffusion, osmosis and active transport in cells Download media type="custom" key="23681250" Download media type="custom" key="23681252" Download media type="custom" key="23681254" Download media type="custom" key="23681256"

2.14 Turgid Plant Cells download media type="custom" key="23681258"

2.15 Factors affecting the rate of diffusion Download media type="custom" key="23681260" Download media type="custom" key="23681266" Download media type="custom" key="23681268" Download media type="custom" key="23681270"

McGraw and Hill has an good animations explaining:
 * Tutorials**
 * Diffusion (2.12)
 * Osmosis (2.12)

Biotopics has good tutorials and examples of experiments you can work through the information given covers aspects of 2.12 to 2.16:
 * [[http://www.biotopics.co.uk/life/osmsis.html|HOW SUBSTANCES GET INTO (AND OUT OF) CELLS]] looks at how diffusion, osmosis and active transport work and factors affecting them (2.12 - 2.15)
 * [|OSMOSIS IN OPERATION in ANIMAL CELLS] talks about how osmosis in cells, what happens when cells lose or gain volume (2.12 - 2.15). Dialysis is interesting additional information, but not necessary to understand right now for your course.
 * [|PUPILS' EXPERIMENTS WITH OSMOSIS IN CARROT TISSUE] is good to read through before you design your lab for 2.16

2.12 - 2.13 Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport Explore learning has a nice [|simulation to show how diffusion works] The s-cool.co.uk [|tutorial on moving molecules] has a brief introduction to diffusion and osmosis, this is a good place to start Presentation from the bridge on diffusion, osmosis and active transport These animations from KScience show [|different types of transport] across a cell membrane. Can you work out which one is which? We will review this in class

2.14 Turgidity A simple animation of plasmolysis from [|KScience] in this [|second animation] changes in the cell's turgidity are compared to changes in the whole plant


 * Activity Ideas**

2.12 - 2.13 Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport Starter - In groups decide which processes belong in which part of the Complete Diffusion and osmosis review 1 and Diffusion and Osmosis Review 2 worksheets (from the DCS bridge) in class

2.14 Turgidity In your exercise book draw a diagram of a wilted plant and a labelled diagram of a plasmolysed cell. Explain how it has wilted use all the words listed:
 * turgid
 * plasmolysed
 * volume
 * cytoplasm
 * water
 * osmosis
 * cell membrane
 * cell wall
 * support
 * diffusion

2.15 Factors affecting diffusion and osmosis Add the following questions and answers to the workbook under section 2.15

Explain how temperature affects the rate of osmosis. Include the following words in your answer:
 * osmosis
 * temperature
 * particle (or molecule)
 * kinetic energy

Explain why a clothes dry more quickly on a windy day than a day with no wind. Use the following key terms to help you answer the question:
 * diffusion
 * concentration gradient

In order for us to take in substances or remove them from our bodies efficiently we need to maintain a high concentration gradient. What two things happen in our lungs to make sure a high concentration gradient is maintained to keep oxygen constantly moving from the air around us into our blood?

2.16 Investigating Osmosis Complete the investigations below and answer the related questions in your green exercise book. media type="custom" key="27900161"

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Your homework task following this will be to design your own investigation on osmosis and carry it out. The equipment you require will need to be ordered in advance. Remember to refer to the guidance on internal assessments.