3.2+Carbohydrates,+proteins+and+lipids

3 Chemistry of Life - 3.1 Chemical elements and water - 3.2 Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids - 3.3 DNA structure - 3.4 DNA replication - 3.5 Transcription and translation - 3.6 Enzymes - 3.7 Cell respiration - 3.8 Photosynthesis - Biochemistry Labs - DNA Labs

3.2 Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids
N.B. This topic links to 7.5 Proteins which we will be studying in conjunction with this topic


 * Assessment statements** (IBO notes added to some points to clearly indicate what needs to be understood and what does not)
 * 3.2.1 || Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. ||
 * 3.2.2 || Identify amino acids, glucose, ribose and fatty acids from diagrams showing their structure. Specific names of amino acids and fatty acids are not expected. ||
 * 3.2.3 || List three examples each of monosaccharides (glucose, galactose and fructose), disaccharides (maltose, lactose and sucrose) and polysaccharides (starch, glycogen and cellulose). ||
 * 3.2.4 || State one function of glucose, lactose and glycogen in animals, and of fructose, sucrose and cellulose in plants. ||
 * 3.2.5 || Outline the role of condensation and hydrolysis in the relationships between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides; between fatty acids, glycerol and triglycerides; and between amino acids and polypeptides. This can be dealt with using equations with words or chemical formulas. ||
 * 3.2.6 || State three functions of lipids. Include energy storage and thermal insulation. ||
 * 3.2.7 || Compare the use of carbohydrates and lipids in energy storage. ||

In additional to the classroom activities use the outline below to construct your personal set of notes media type="custom" key="24224900"
 * Approach**

An alternative set of notes from [|i-Biology] can be found here media type="custom" key="23828590"

Biocoach has an introduction and good useful facts:
 * Presentations and tutorials **
 * [|Monomers and polymers]
 * [|Lipids]
 * [|Carbohydrates]
 * [|Proteins]

[|C4B] Video tutorials 3.2.2a Amino acids media type="custom" key="23823678" 3.2.2b Glucose media type="custom" key="23823680" 3.2.2c Ribose media type="custom" key="23823682" 3.2.2d Fatty Acids media type="custom" key="23823684" 3.2.5a Types of reaction media type="custom" key="23823686" 3.2.5b Dissacharides‬ media type="custom" key="23823688" 3.2.5c Polyssacharides media type="custom" key="23823692" 3.2.5d Triglyceride media type="custom" key="23823694" 3.2.5e Polypeptides media type="custom" key="23823696" 3.2.5f Hydrolysis media type="custom" key="23823698"

Steven Taylor ( [|i-Biology] ) has a great presentation to view and take notes from before starting your notebook media type="custom" key="23823700"

Jason De Nys also has a very good presentation to use for note development media type="custom" key="24507922"

[|Carbon and the elements of life] an online tutorial about the importance of the key organic elements and their roles [|Carbohydrates] an easy introduction to their structures and usage [|Background] to Lipids and more about their [|structure and bonding] [|Background] to Proteins and amino acids and more about their [|structure and bonding] Understand the importance and differences between [|condensation and hydrolysis] reactions ( [|another animation] ) [|Peptide bonds] join together amino acids to form polypeptides which then fold to make proteins

Not quite sure you understand what molecules are organic and inorganic? Here's a [|quiz using examples from i-Biology]

Use [|click4biology] to review and complete your notes

Rather than food tests (with which you should already be familiar) with we will be comparing the amount of glucose found in soft drinks
 * Activities**

Learn more about carbohydrates by completing this [|gizmo lesson on dehydration synthesis]

Download the summary worksheet on carbohydrates (below) and complete it with books closed - review with the class afterward media type="custom" key="23828656"

Can you recognise molecular structures and answer questions about the properties and functions of carbs, lipids and proteins? look at the mark scheme and then try to suggest improvement to a classmate's work.


 * Useful Links **

This [|software] can help you learn to draw simple molecules. Students should be able to recognise, describe, draw and distinguish, hexose and pentose sugars, amino acids, glycerol, and fatty acids from one another.