9.3+Reproduction+in+angiospermophytes

9 Plant science - 9.1 Plant structure and growth - 9.2 Transport in angiospermophytes - 9.3 Reproduction in angiospermophytes - Plant science labs

Draw and label diagrams of flowers and a typical (dicot) seed. Label and annotate as many structures as you can. Marks will be given for each correctly drawn and labelled structure and then additionally for valuable annotations.
 * Starter**

Try this drag and drop activity on [|flower morphology] from W H Freeman


 * Assessment statements** (IBO notes added to some point to clearly indicate what needs to be understood and what does not)
 * 9.3.1 || Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of a dicotyledonous animal-pollinated flower. Limit the diagram to sepal, petal, anther, filament, stigma, style and ovary. ||
 * 9.3.2 || Distinguish between pollination, fertilization and seed dispersal. ||
 * 9.3.3 || Draw and label a diagram showing the external and internal structure of a named dicotyledonous seed. The named seed should be non-endospermic. The structure in the diagram should be limited to testa, micropyle, embryo root, embryo shoot and cotyledons. ||
 * 9.3.4 || Explain the conditions needed for the germination of a typical seed. Seeds vary in their light requirements and, therefore, this factor need not be included. ||
 * 9.3.5 || Outline the metabolic processes during germination of a starchy seed. Absorption of water precedes the formation of gibberellin in the embryo’s cotyledon. This stimulates the production of amylase, which catalyses the breakdown of starch to maltose. This subsequently diffuses to the embryo for energy release and growth. No further details are expected. ||
 * 9.3.6 || Explain how flowering is controlled in long-day and short-day plants, including the role of phytochrome. Limit this to the conversion of Pr (red absorbing) to Pfr (far-red absorbing) in red or white light, the gradual reversion of Pfr to Pr in darkness, and the action of Pfr as a promoter of flowering in long-day plants and an inhibitor of flowering in short-day plants. ||

Log in to the [|DCS Bridge]to obtain your workbooks and supporting resources. Word versions of workbooks available below for those unable to access the DCS Bridge.
 * Workbooks and Worksheets **

media type="custom" key="24801638"

An alternative set of notes, which covers all of plant science, from [|i-Biology] can be found here media type="custom" key="24801640"

Steven Taylor ([|i-Biology]) has a great presentation to view and take notes from before starting your notebook media type="custom" key="24801642"
 * Presentations and tutorials **

Ross Koning has good tutorials on a number of aspects of plant reproduction including:
 * (very good and thorough) [|Seed structure and germination]
 * (not required content, but interesting) [|Pollination adaptations] - how are pollinators attracted?
 * (not required content, but interesting) [|Pollen, Ovules and fertilisation]
 * (not required content, but interesting) [|Fruit growth and ripening]

__Phytochrome tutorials__
A general introduction to phytochrome, this is not specific to flowering - [|video tutorial from McGraw and Hill on phytochrome]

Flowering tutorials and problem sets to check your understanding:
 * [|tutorial from W H Freeman on phytochrome]
 * Day length and flowering from UC Davis


 * Activities **

This video from TED (found from a post on [|i-Biology]) is a great introduction to plants reproduction media type="custom" key="19390472"
 * Useful links**

Reasons for individuals of the same species to flower at the same time are obvious. Why is it important that plant of different species flower at different day-lengths and hence different times of the year? What areas of the world is this mechanism more important? How does this link into natural selection?
 * Extension/TOK**